Question 1

Why does escalation of commitment occur?

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary. One explanation for e...

Question 2

_____ is a process influenced by individual and organizational factors that results in the production of novel and useful ideas, products, or both.

Accepted Answer

A)  Creativity
B)  Rationalization
C)  Receptivity
D)  ObjectificationE) B) and D)
F) None of the above A

Question 3

Which of the following is an assumption of the bounded rationality model?

Accepted Answer

A)  Managers are aware of all the possible alternatives.
B)  Managers select the first alternative that is satisfactory.
C)  Managers can calculate the probability of success for each alternative.
D)  Managers have a consistent system of preferences, which is used to choose the best alternative.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following diminishes creativity in decision making?

Accepted Answer

A)  Trying to be logical
B)  Divergent thinking
C)  Increasing intrinsic motivation
D)  Analyzing ambiguityE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Identify an assumption of the rational model of decision making.

Accepted Answer

A)  The decision maker has a consistent system of preferences.
B)  The decision maker is not aware of all the possible alternatives.
C)  The decision maker cannot determine the probability of success for each alternative.
D)  There are time constraints and limits to human knowledge and information-processing capabilities.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Power distance does not affect decision making.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 7

Describe the foundations for participation and empowerment.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary. The organizational fo...

Question 8

The United States is a culture with low uncertainty avoidance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which of the following is true of nonprogrammed decisions?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are routine decisions.
B)  They have an established procedure.
C)  They are new and complex decisions.
D)  They are the decisions that a manager has taken in the past.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 10

In the rational model of decision making, the decision maker strives to:

Accepted Answer

A)  satisfice.
B)  optimize.
C)  support a failing course of action.
D)  develop shortcuts.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Masculine cultures value quick, assertive decisions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Escalation of commitment occurs when managers:

Accepted Answer

A)  lack optimism.
B)  stop supporting a poor decision.
C)  recognize that they cannot control the future.
D)  strive to reduce their cognitive dissonance.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Recent research examining the effects of cultural diversity on decision making has found that when individuals in a group are racially dissimilar, _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  they are reluctant to engage in open information sharing
B)  they discourage dissenting perspectives
C)  they arrive at better decisions than racially similar groups
D)  they tend to engage in smaller debate in decision making than racially similar groups.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

The _____ of decision making rests on the idea that there are constraints that force a decision maker to be less than completely rational.

Accepted Answer

A)  rational model
B)  truth-wins rule
C)  bounded rationality model
D)  two-thirds majority ruleE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 15

In the context of decision making, which of the following is an assumption of intuition?

Accepted Answer

A)  It involves learned patterns of information.
B)  It is used at a level above consciousness.
C)  It is a negative force in decision making.
D)  It is slow.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

In the context of the preferences in the Z problem-solving model, _____ is used to analyze the alternatives objectively.

Accepted Answer

A)  Feeling
B)  Sensing
C)  Intuiting
D)  ThinkingE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Which of the following preferences is used in the final step of the Z problem-solving model to determine how the people involved will be affected?

Accepted Answer

A)  Feeling
B)  Sensing
C)  Intuiting
D)  ThinkingE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 18

The organizational foundations include a _____ that is essential because of the uncertainty within an organization.

Accepted Answer

A)  nominal group technique
B)  social organizational scheme
C)  supportive organizational culture
D)  social comparison approachE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

When individuals in a group are racially dissimilar, they are reluctant to engage in open information sharing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

According to research findings, _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  men are more risk averse than women
B)  more experienced managers are more risk averse than younger managers
C)  successful managers are more risk averse than unsuccessful managers
D)  younger managers take fewer risks than more experienced managersE) None of the above
F) B) and D) B

Exam 10: Decision Making by Individuals and Groups

Why does escalation of commitment occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswers will vary. One explanation for e...View AnswerShow Answer

_____ is a process influenced by individual and organizational factors that results in the production of novel and useful ideas, products, or both.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which of the following is an assumption of the bounded rationality model?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following diminishes creativity in decision making?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify an assumption of the rational model of decision making.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Power distance does not affect decision making.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

Describe the foundations for participation and empowerment.

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswers will vary. The organizational fo...View AnswerShow Answer

The United States is a culture with low uncertainty avoidance.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of nonprogrammed decisions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the rational model of decision making, the decision maker strives to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Masculine cultures value quick, assertive decisions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Escalation of commitment occurs when managers:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Recent research examining the effects of cultural diversity on decision making has found that when individuals in a group are racially dissimilar, _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _____ of decision making rests on the idea that there are constraints that force a decision maker to be less than completely rational.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of decision making, which of the following is an assumption of intuition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of the preferences in the Z problem-solving model, _____ is used to analyze the alternatives objectively.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following preferences is used in the final step of the Z problem-solving model to determine how the people involved will be affected?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The organizational foundations include a _____ that is essential because of the uncertainty within an organization.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When individuals in a group are racially dissimilar, they are reluctant to engage in open information sharing.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to research findings, _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Correct Answer
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Answers will vary. One explanation for e...
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False

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Answers will vary. The organizational fo...
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B