Question 1

The following diagram shows the bone structure of a whale flipper and a bat wing. Which of the following suggests that these two structures are homologous rather than analogous?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both the flipper and the wing contain five fingerlike bone projections.
B)  The flipper is formed from the entire front appendage of the whale, but the wing is only formed from the hand part of the front appendage of the bat.
C)  The bones that form the five fingerlike projections in the flipper have much thicker bones than the bones that form these projections in the bat.
D)  The flipper of the whale contains more bones than the wing of the bat.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

A group of scientists proposed that mammals with fur that contrasts with their background are hunted more by predators than mammals with fur that blends in with their background. After running several experiments, the scientists publish the following data. These graphs

Accepted Answer

A)  support the hypothesis because dark-colored mice are attacked more often in both light and dark environments.
B)  support the hypothesis because dark-colored mice were attacked more in light environments and light-colored mice were attacked more in dark environments.
C)  do not support the hypothesis because although dark-colored mice are captured more often in light environments, they are also captured more often in dark environments.
D)  do not support the hypothesis because light-colored mice are attacked more often in both light and dark environments.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 3

The hands of a human and the hands of a chimpanzee are similar in structure because humans

Accepted Answer

A)  and chimpanzees share a recent common ancestor.
B)  evolved from chimpanzees.
C)  and chimpanzees evolved from different organisms that lived in similar environments.
D)  artificially selected for chimpanzees with hands during domestication.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D) A

Question 4

Which of the following statements regarding the evolutionary history of an organism is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Predictions of evolutionary relatedness based on fossil records often agree with predictions based on continental drift.
B)  Predictions of evolutionary relatedness based on fossil evidence often agree with those based on protein sequences.
C)  Predictions of evolutionary relatedness based on DNA usually contradict those based on anatomical evidence.
D)  Predictions based on DNA sequences provide the strongest evidence that two organisms are related.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Vestigial organs have important functions in many organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 6

During gene flow,

Accepted Answer

A)  chance events alter the gene pool of a population.
B)  new individuals contribute their alleles to the gene pool of a population.
C)  alleles that make an individual more successful move from one population to another.
D)  crossing-over creates new combinations of alleles during gamete formation.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Both insects and humans evolved jointed legs to allow locomotion on land. These structures are considered analogous because insects and humans

Accepted Answer

A)  stopped evolving at different times in Earth's history.
B)  evolved from different ancestors.
C)  cannot breed.
D)  faced different environmental challenges during evolutionary time.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Examine the figure below. According to this figure, the cytochrome c genes of ____________________ and humans have the least similar DNA sequences.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Examine the figure below. According to this...

Question 9

A hurricane could cause genetic drift by

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing the mutation rate of a population.
B)  randomly killing more males than females in a population.
C)  randomly killing more individuals of one genotype than another in a population.
D)  relocating a population to a different habitat.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 10

Humans simulate the process of natural selection when they use _____ to develop new varieties of crop plants that better meet the needs of farmers.

Accepted Answer

A)  artificial selection
B)  cytochrome c
C)  habitat changes
D)  continental driftE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Scientists disagree on whether evolution occurs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Convergent evolution produces

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic drift.
B)  lines of common descent.
C)  homologous characteristics.
D)  analogous characteristics.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Natural selection tends to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the commonality of characteristics that enhance survival and reproduction.
B)  decrease the number of individuals in any given population.
C)  lead to an increase in genetic drift.
D)  decrease the likelihood of adaptation.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Two different species may have similar features because of

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic drift.
B)  the fossil record.
C)  artificial selection.
D)  descent from a common ancestor.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Speciation can occur when

Accepted Answer

A)  gene flow is common between two populations.
B)  a mutation occurs in an individual.
C)  two populations are geographically isolated from each other for a long period of time.
D)  the gene pools of two populations of a species remain identical for five or more generations.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

While mutation increases genetic variation by adding new alleles to a population, ____________________ during gamete formation increases variation by creating new combinations of already existing alleles.

Accepted Answer

independen...

Question 17

Genetic drift refers to _____ events that affect the survival and reproduction of individuals in a population.

Accepted Answer

A)  chance
B)  predictable
C)  cryptic
D)  geologicalE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

The domestication of agricultural crops, such as corn and wheat, provide evidence for evolution.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Based on the diagram below, you would predict that the allele for dark-colored mice would become more common over time in the barrier island mouse population.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 20

During a windstorm, a tree falls on the population of wildflowers shown in the figure below. Most of the flowers die (as indicated by the tombstones in the second row) . The survivors go on to reproduce. What will the next generation of this wildflower population look like?

Accepted Answer

A)  Half of the flowers will be gray and the other half will be white.
B)  All of the flowers will be white.
C)  All of the flowers will be gray.
D)  Three quarters of the flowers will be gray and one-quarter will be white.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Exam 17: How Evolution Works

The following diagram shows the bone structure of a whale flipper and a bat wing. Which of the following suggests that these two structures are homologous rather than analogous?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A group of scientists proposed that mammals with fur that contrasts with their background are hunted more by predators than mammals with fur that blends in with their background. After running several experiments, the scientists publish the following data. These graphs

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hands of a human and the hands of a chimpanzee are similar in structure because humans

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which of the following statements regarding the evolutionary history of an organism is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vestigial organs have important functions in many organisms.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

During gene flow,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Both insects and humans evolved jointed legs to allow locomotion on land. These structures are considered analogous because insects and humans

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Examine the figure below. According to this figure, the cytochrome c genes of ____________________ and humans have the least similar DNA sequences.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A hurricane could cause genetic drift by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Humans simulate the process of natural selection when they use _____ to develop new varieties of crop plants that better meet the needs of farmers.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Scientists disagree on whether evolution occurs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Convergent evolution produces

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Natural selection tends to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two different species may have similar features because of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Speciation can occur when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

While mutation increases genetic variation by adding new alleles to a population, ____________________ during gamete formation increases variation by creating new combinations of already existing alleles.

Correct Answerverifiedindependen...View AnswerShow Answer

Genetic drift refers to _____ events that affect the survival and reproduction of individuals in a population.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The domestication of agricultural crops, such as corn and wheat, provide evidence for evolution.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on the diagram below, you would predict that the allele for dark-colored mice would become more common over time in the barrier island mouse population.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

During a windstorm, a tree falls on the population of wildflowers shown in the figure below. Most of the flowers die (as indicated by the tombstones in the second row) . The survivors go on to reproduce. What will the next generation of this wildflower population look like?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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False

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