Question 1

Which of the following are true of neurons within the ventrolateral preoptic area (vlPOA) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   Damage to vlPOA neurons produces sleepiness.
B)   Excitotoxic lesions of the vlPOA increase sleep in cats.
C)   vlPOA neurons have a low firing rate during sleep.
D)   Electrical stimulation of vlPOA neurons produces signs of drowsiness.
E)   vlPOA neurons secrete glutamate to excite regions that control arousal.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 2

Evaluate the hypothesis that slow-wave sleep is required to rest the brain. Your answer should include the effects of sleep deprivation and of physical and mental activity on slow-wave sleep.

Accepted Answer

All vertebrates sleep, and sleep depriva...

Question 3

The various stages of sleep are easily distinguished by

Accepted Answer

A)   visible changes in respiration.
B)   changes in motor movements involving speech.
C)   changes in the electrical activity of the brain.
D)   changes in consciousness.
E)   the quality and quantity of dreams.F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 4

The predictable changes in blood flow to the male genitals that occur during ________ can be a useful clinical indicator of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   non-REM sleep; narcolepsy
B)   the day hours; hypertension
C)   REM sleep; impotence
D)   slow-wave sleep; cardiac failure
E)   the day hours; cocaine abuseF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 5

The notion that sleep or wakefulness is produced by a substance that circulates within the blood is

Accepted Answer

A)   proven by studies of the dolphin sleep cycle.
B)   unlikely given that the cerebral hemispheres of a dolphin sleep at different times.
C)   unlikely because REM and slow-wave sleep appear to involve independent mechanisms.
D)   proven by the observation that naps reduce sleep time the following night.
E)   unlikely given that blood chemistry does not change within the brain.F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 6

During periods of wakefulness, brain waves oscillate between __________ and ____________ waves.

Accepted Answer

A)   alpha; beta
B)   delta; beta
C)   alpha; delta
D)   theta; delta
E)   gamma; alphaF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

________ refers to a form of insomnia in which a person cannot breathe while sleeping.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ refers to a form of insomnia...

Question 8

As Jenelle is falling asleep, she has a sensation of walking along. Suddenly, her right leg steps into a hole and her foot jerks in bed, seemingly simulating the experienced fall in her sleeping state. These muscle contractions are

Accepted Answer

A)   sleep spindles.
B)   K complexes.
C)   alpha wave activity.
D)   spastic jerks.
E)   hypnic jerks.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 9

Recent research suggests that ________ sleep is important for ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)   slow-wave; nondeclarative
B)   REM; sensory
C)   REM; declarative
D)   slow-wave; sensory
E)   REM; nondeclarativeF) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

Explain the relationship between REM sleep, narcolepsy, and antidepressant medications.

Accepted Answer

Certain aspects of REM sleep (paralysis,...

Question 11

The disorder known as ________ shares common attributes (symptoms as well as treatments)  with those of narcolepsy.

Accepted Answer

A)   anxiety disorder
B)   obsessive-compulsive disorder
C)   mania
D)   panic attack
E)   depressionF) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following is true of human sleep cycles?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sleep cycles are random across the night.
B)   Subjects first enter REM sleep and then transition to non-REM sleep.
C)   As the night goes on, the relative length of REM sleep increases in each successive cycle.
D)   Stage 3 of slow-wave sleep mostly occurs in the early morning hours.
E)   Each non-REM/REM cycle lasts about 45 minutes.F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

Compare and contrast the neural systems and relevant transmitters that control slow-wave sleep.

Accepted Answer

Slow-wave sleep is produced by activity ...

Question 14

The symptom known as ________ is an abnormality of REM sleep.

Accepted Answer

A)   insomnia
B)   theta reversal
C)   cataplexy
D)   night terror
E)   enuresisF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

If you stay awake for 3 days and then fall asleep, you will likely not sleep for the 24 hours of sleep that you missed. Instead, you might sleep 12 hours on the first night. Of the different stages of sleep, you are most likely to make up hours from stage _________.

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   2
C)   3
D)   REM
E)   1 and 3F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

The key feature of narcolepsy is

Accepted Answer

A)   nightmares while awake.
B)   sleep attacks.
C)   nocturnal enuresis.
D)   hypnagogic hallucinations.
E)   feeling refreshed after an episode of sleep attack.F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 17

The theta brain wave pattern is characterized by changes in frequency of electrical activity of

Accepted Answer

A)   1-3 Hz.
B)   12-14 Hz.
C)   13-30 Hz.
D)   less than 3.5 Hz.
E)   3.5-7.5 Hz.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

A person who exhibits sudden paralysis but remains conscious may be suffering from an episode of ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A person who exhibits sudden paralysis but...

Question 19

____________ refers to an awareness that the individual is dreaming and not asleep.

Accepted Answer

A)   REM sleep awareness
B)   Aware dreaming
C)   Lucid dreaming
D)   Coherent dreaming
E)   Non-REM sleep awarenessF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 20

Explain the process by which light acts on the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) to control the circadian rhythm.

Accepted Answer

The SCN receives afferent signals from t...

Exam 9: Sleep and Biological Rhythms

____________ refers to an awareness that the individual is dreaming and not asleep.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compare and contrast the neural systems and relevant transmitters that control slow-wave sleep.

Correct AnswerverifiedSlow-wave sleep is produced by activity ...View AnswerShow Answer

The predictable changes in blood flow to the male genitals that occur during ________ can be a useful clinical indicator of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of human sleep cycles?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following are true of neurons within the ventrolateral preoptic area (vlPOA) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evaluate the hypothesis that slow-wave sleep is required to rest the brain. Your answer should include the effects of sleep deprivation and of physical and mental activity on slow-wave sleep.

Correct AnswerverifiedAll vertebrates sleep, and sleep depriva...View AnswerShow Answer

The theta brain wave pattern is characterized by changes in frequency of electrical activity of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you stay awake for 3 days and then fall asleep, you will likely not sleep for the 24 hours of sleep that you missed. Instead, you might sleep 12 hours on the first night. Of the different stages of sleep, you are most likely to make up hours from stage _________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the relationship between REM sleep, narcolepsy, and antidepressant medications.

Correct AnswerverifiedCertain aspects of REM sleep (paralysis,...View AnswerShow Answer

The key feature of narcolepsy is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the process by which light acts on the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) to control the circadian rhythm.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe SCN receives afferent signals from t...View AnswerShow Answer

During periods of wakefulness, brain waves oscillate between __________ and ____________ waves.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As Jenelle is falling asleep, she has a sensation of walking along. Suddenly, her right leg steps into a hole and her foot jerks in bed, seemingly simulating the experienced fall in her sleeping state. These muscle contractions are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ refers to a form of insomnia in which a person cannot breathe while sleeping.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The symptom known as ________ is an abnormality of REM sleep.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Recent research suggests that ________ sleep is important for ________ memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The notion that sleep or wakefulness is produced by a substance that circulates within the blood is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The disorder known as ________ shares common attributes (symptoms as well as treatments) with those of narcolepsy.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The various stages of sleep are easily distinguished by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person who exhibits sudden paralysis but remains conscious may be suffering from an episode of ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Slow-wave sleep is produced by activity ...
View Answer

The predictable changes in blood flow to the male genitals that occur during can be a useful clinical indicator of .

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
All vertebrates sleep, and sleep depriva...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Certain aspects of REM sleep (paralysis,...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The SCN receives afferent signals from t...
View Answer

During periods of wakefulness, brain waves oscillate between and __ waves.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Recent research suggests that sleep is important for memory.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified