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Some emotions,especially complex feelings such as hatred and love,travel (by way of the thalamus) to the brain's cortex.There,they are analyzed and labeled before the response command is sent out,via the amygdala.This pathway is referred to as the


A) low road.
B) high road.
C) insula road.
D) parasympathetic road.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Some college students were randomly assigned to edit and explain their online profiles rather than to study and explain a Google Maps routing.These students subsequently scored higher on a measure of


A) ostracism.
B) narcissism.
C) self-disclosure.
D) autonomy.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Vaseem experienced excessive fear while flying because he interpreted his rapid heart rate,shallow breathing,and heavy perspiration as a reaction to the imminent danger of a plane crash.When his psychotherapist convinced him that this physical arousal was simply a harmless reaction to acceleration,cabin pressure,and confined space,his fear of flying was greatly reduced.The reduction in Vaseem's fear is best understood in terms of the


A) James-Lange theory.
B) two-factor theory.
C) Cannon-Bard theory
D) guilty knowledge test.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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When asked what is most necessary for a happy and meaningful life,most people first mention the importance of satisfying their ________ needs.


A) achievement
B) safety
C) sexual
D) affiliation

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Without any conscious effort,your ________ prepares you to fight or flee from dangerous situations.


A) thalamus
B) insula
C) sympathetic nervous system
D) parasympathetic nervous system

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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When you feel cold,you engage in behavior to reduce this unpleasant feeling,for example,by putting on your coat.This desire to reduce internal tension is a crucial aspect of ________ theory.


A) drive-reduction
B) arousal
C) instinct
D) incentive

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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We find it especially difficult to detect from other people's facial expressions whether they are


A) afraid.
B) angry.
C) lying.
D) disgusted.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Mark is a junior in college and uses several social networking sites.This is not surprising because in 2014 ________ percent of entering American college students used social networking sites.


A) 50
B) 77
C) 82
D) 94

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Research on nonverbal communication indicates that


A) very young children's facial expressions of emotion are difficult to interpret.
B) children learn the facial expressions associated with emotion by observing adults.
C) blind children who have never observed others demonstrate normal facial expressions of emotion.
D) boys are better than girls at recognizing nonverbal expressions of emotion.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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After eating a normal lunch,two patients readily consumed a second lunch 20 minutes later because they had


A) no memory of the previous meal.
B) excessively high blood glucose levels.
C) suffered the loss of their hypothalamus.
D) unusually low levels of ghrelin secretions.

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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Those early ancestors who formed social bonds were


A) more likely to reproduce.
B) more likely to be seen as a threat to others.
C) more likely to co-nurture their offspring to maturity.
D) likely to increase their chances of survival.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following is an important component of achievement motivation?


A) self-disclosure
B) narcissism
C) self-discipline
D) social networking

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

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It has been suggested that baring the teeth is universally associated with the expression of anger because this ability to convey threats has helped humans to survive.This suggestion best illustrates


A) the evolutionary perspective.
B) the facial feedback effect.
C) Ekman's theory of facial expressions.
D) how gestures depict emotions worldwide.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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For purposes of lie detection,investigators have most commonly made use of a(n)


A) electrocardiograph.
B) electroencephalograph.
C) myograph.
D) polygraph.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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When one research team offered schoolchildren carrots before they picked up other foods in a lunch line,the number of carrots taken quadrupled.In this way,the researchers were


A) creating a homeostatic system.
B) lowering the settling point.
C) nudging nutrition.
D) raising the children's metabolic rates.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Feelings of hunger are ________ by high levels of PYY and ________ by high levels of leptin.


A) increased;decreased
B) decreased;increased
C) increased;increased
D) decreased;decreased

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Professor Meltzer believes that emotions arise when we effortlessly appraise an event as harmless or dangerous,whether we truly know it is or not.Professor Meltzer's views most closely illustrate


A) the James-Lange theory.
B) Richard Lazarus' views.
C) the Cannon-Bard theory.
D) the Schachter-Singer theory.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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The two-factor theory of emotion places more emphasis on the importance of ________ than does the James-Lange theory.


A) cognitive activity
B) the autonomic nervous system
C) physiological arousal
D) stress hormones

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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Research on the nonverbal expression of emotion indicates that


A) the body movements and gestures used to express emotions are the same throughout the world.
B) it is difficult to use nonverbal cues to mislead others about one's true emotions.
C) introverts are better than extraverts at recognizing nonverbal expressions of emotion in others.
D) accurately identifying emotional facial expressions in people from different cultures requires personal experience with those cultures.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Forty-year-old Jim has exercised strenuously on and off all his life.Over the years,his body weight has remained close to 160 pounds,which was his body weight in college.His stable body weight best illustrates


A) a hierarchy of needs.
B) body mass index.
C) basal metabolic rate.
D) a set point.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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